Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokusebenzelana zokuboniswa kwesikrini esithintwayo, futhi ukuhlukaniswa kuhle kakhulu.Incike kakhulu kumodi yokushayela kanye nemodi yokulawula ye-TFT LCD Screens.Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zokuxhumanisa ama-LCD ombala kumakhalekhukhwini: isixhumi esibonakalayo se-MCU (futhi sibhalwe njengesixhumi esibonakalayo se-MPU), isixhumi esibonakalayo se-RGB, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-SPI i-VSYNC, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-MIPI, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-MDDI, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-DSI, njll. Phakathi kwazo, i-interface ye-SPI kuphela Imojuli ye-TFT ine-interface ye-RGB.
I-interface ye-MCU ne-RGB interface zisetshenziswa kabanzi.
I-interface ye-MCU
Ngenxa yokuthi isetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni we-single-chip microcomputers, ibizwa ngegama.Kamuva, isetshenziswa kabanzi kumaselula asezingeni eliphansi, futhi isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuthi ishibhile.Itemu elijwayelekile lesixhumi esibonakalayo se-MCU-LCD izinga lamabhasi angu-8080 eliphakanyiswe yi-Intel, ngakho-ke i-I80 isetshenziselwa ukubhekisela kusikrini se-MCU-LCD emibhalweni eminingi.
I-8080 iwuhlobo lwesixhumi esibonakalayo esihambisanayo, esibuye saziwe ngokuthi i-DBI (Isikhombimsebenzisi Sedatha Yebhasi) isixhumi esibonakalayo sebhasi ledatha, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-MPU se-microprocessor, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-MCU, nesixhumi esibonakalayo se-CPU, empeleni into efanayo.
I-interface ye-8080 iklanywe ngabakwa-Intel futhi iyiphrothokholi yokuxhumana ehambisanayo, engavumelaniyo, eyisigamu esiyiduplex.Isetshenziselwa ukunwetshwa kwangaphandle kwe-RAM ne-ROM, futhi kamuva isetshenziswe kusixhumi esibonakalayo se-LCD.
Kukhona amabhithi ayi-8, amabhithi ayi-9, amabhithi ayi-16, angama-18, kanye namabhithi angama-24 okudlulisa ibhithi yedatha.Okusho ukuthi, ububanzi obuncane bebhasi ledatha.
Okuvame ukusetshenziswa yi-8-bit, 16-bit, kanye ne-24-bit.
Inzuzo iwukuthi: ukulawula kulula futhi kulula, ngaphandle kwewashi nesignali yokuvumelanisa.
Ububi buwukuthi: I-GRAM iyasetshenziswa, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuzuza isikrini esikhulu (ngaphezulu kuka-3.8).
Ku-LCM ene-interface ye-MCU, i-chip yayo yangaphakathi ibizwa ngokuthi umshayeli we-LCD.Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukuguqula idatha/umyalo othunyelwe ikhompyutha engumsingathi ube idatha ye-RGB yephikseli ngayinye bese uyibonisa esikrinini.Le nqubo ayidingi amawashi echashazi, ulayini, noma ozimele.
I-LCM: (i-LCD Module) iyimojula ye-LCD yokubonisa kanye nemojula yekristalu eyi-liquid, ebhekisela ekuhlanganisweni kwamadivayisi okubonisa i-liquid crystal, izixhumi, ama-peripheral circuits afana nokulawula nokushayela, amabhodi wesifunda we-PCB, izibani zangemuva, izingxenye zesakhiwo, njll.
I-GRAM: i-RAM yehluzo, okungukuthi, irejista yesithombe, igcina imininingwane yesithombe ezovezwa ku-chip ILI9325 eshayela isibonisi se-TFT-LCD.
Ngaphezu komugqa wedatha (nansi idatha ye-16-bit njengesibonelo), eminye ukukhetha kwe-chip, ukufunda, ukubhala, kanye nedatha/iyala izikhonkwane ezine.
Eqinisweni, ngaphezu kwalawa maphini, kukhona empeleni iphinikhodi yokusetha kabusha i-RST, evamise ukusethwa kabusha ngenombolo engaguquki engu-010.
Umdwebo wesibonelo se-interface umi kanje:
Amasignali angenhla angeke asetshenziswe wonke ezinhlelweni ezithile zesekethe.Isibonelo, kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zesekethe, ukuze ulondoloze izimbobo ze-IO, kungenzeka futhi ukuxhuma ngokuqondile ukukhetha kwe-chip nokusetha kabusha amasignali ezingeni elimisiwe, futhi hhayi ukucubungula isignali yokufunda ye-RDX.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kusukela iphuzu elingenhla: hhayi kuphela idatha Data, kodwa futhi Command adluliselwa esikrinini LCD.Uma uthi nhlá, kubonakala sengathi idinga kuphela ukudlulisa idatha yombala we-pixel esikrinini, futhi abaqalayo abangenamakhono bavame ukuziba izimfuneko zokudlulisa umyalo.
Ngoba lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukuxhumana nesikrini se-LCD empeleni ukuxhumana ne-chip yokulawula umshayeli wesikrini se-LCD, futhi ama-chip edijithali ngokuvamile anerejista yokucushwa ehlukahlukene (ngaphandle uma i-chip enemisebenzi elula kakhulu efana ne-74 series, 555, njll.), kukhona futhi i-chip yokuqondisa.Udinga ukuthumela imiyalo yokumisa.
Enye into okufanele uyiqaphele ukuthi: Ama-chip driver e-LCD asebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo esihambisanayo esingu-8080 adinga i-GRAM eyakhelwe ngaphakathi (I-Graphics RAM), engagcina idatha yesikrini okungenani esisodwa.Lesi yisizathu esenza ukuthi amamojula esikrini asebenzisa lesi sixhumi esibonakalayo avamise ukubiza kakhulu kunalawo asebenzisa i-RGB interface, futhi i-RAM isabiza.
Ngokuvamile: i-interface ye-8080 idlulisa imiyalo yokulawula nedatha ngebhasi elihambisanayo, futhi ivuselela isikrini ngokubuyekeza idatha ku-GRAM eza nemojula yekristalu ewuketshezi ye-LCM.
TFT LCD Izikrini RGB interface
I-interface ye-TFT LCD Screens RGB, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-DPI (Display Pixel Interface) interface, iphinde ibe isixhumi esibonakalayo esihambisanayo, esisebenzisa ukuvumelanisa okujwayelekile, iwashi, nemigqa yamasignali ukuze idlulise idatha, futhi idinga ukusetshenziswa ne-SPI noma i-IIC serial bus ukuze idlulise. lawula imiyalo.
Ngokwezinga elithile, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwayo nesixhumi esibonakalayo se-8080 ukuthi umugqa wedatha nolayini wokulawula we-TFT LCD Screens RGB interface kuyahlukaniswa, kuyilapho isixhumi esibonakalayo se-8080 siphindaphindwa.
Omunye umehluko ukuthi njengoba isibonisi esisebenzisanayo se-RGB sidlulisela ngokuqhubekayo idatha ye-pixel yesikrini sonke, singakwazi ukuvuselela idatha yesibonisi ngokwayo, ngakho i-GRAM ayisadingeki, okunciphisa kakhulu izindleko ze-LCM.Kumamojula e-LCD abonisanayo anosayizi nokulungiswa okufanayo, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-RGB somkhiqizi ojwayelekile ishibhe kakhulu kunesixhumi esibonakalayo esingu-8080.
Isizathu esenza ukuthi imodi ye-RGB ibonise isikrini sokuthinta ingakudingi ukusekelwa kwe-GRAM yingoba inkumbulo yevidiyo ye-RGB-LCD yenziwa inkumbulo yohlelo, ngakho usayizi wayo unqunyelwe kuphela ubukhulu bememori yohlelo, ukuze i-RGB- I-LCD ingenziwa ngosayizi omkhulu, Njengamanje u-4.3" ingabhekwa kuphela njengezinga lokungena, kuyilapho izikrini ezingu-7" nezingu-10" kuma-MID seziqala ukusetshenziswa kabanzi.
Kodwa-ke, ekuqaleni komklamo we-MCU-LCD, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi inkumbulo ye-single-chip microcomputer incane, ngakho inkumbulo yakhelwe kumojula ye-LCD.Bese isofthiwe ibuyekeza imemori yevidiyo ngokusebenzisa imiyalo ekhethekile yokubonisa, ngakho-ke isikrini sokuthinta isikrini se-MCU ngokuvamile asikwazi ukwenziwa sibe sikhulu kakhulu.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isivinini sokubuyekeza isibonisi sihamba kancane kune-RGB-LCD.Kukhona futhi umehluko kumamodi okudlulisa idatha.
Isikrini esithintwayo sibonisa isikrini se-RGB sidinga kuphela inkumbulo yevidiyo ukuhlela idatha.Ngemva kokuqala isibonisi, i-LCD-DMA izothumela ngokuzenzakalelayo idatha ekumemori yevidiyo ku-LCM ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-RGB.Kodwa isikrini se-MCU sidinga ukuthumela umyalo wokudweba ukuze ulungise i-RAM ngaphakathi kwe-MCU (okungukuthi, i-RAM yesikrini se-MCU ayikwazi ukubhalwa ngokuqondile).
Ijubane lokubonisa lesikrini sokuthinta i-RGB ngokusobala liyashesha kune-MCU, futhi mayelana nokudlala ividiyo, i-MCU-LCD nayo ihamba kancane.
Ku-LCM yesixhumi esibonakalayo se-RGB yesikrini esithintwayo, okukhiphayo komsingathi yidatha ye-RGB yephikseli ngayinye ngokuqondile, ngaphandle kokuguqulwa (ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwe-GAMMA, njll.).Kulesi sixhumi esibonakalayo, isilawuli se-LCD siyadingeka kumsingathi ukuze kukhiqizwe idatha ye-RGB nephoyinti, umugqa, amasiginali wokuvumelanisa uzimele.
Izikrini eziningi ezinkulu zisebenzisa imodi ye-RGB, futhi ukudluliswa kwe-data bits nakho kuhlukaniswe ngamabhithi angu-16, amabhithi angu-18, namabhithi angu-24.
Uxhumo ngokuvamile luhlanganisa: I-VSYNC, i-HSYNC, i-DOTCLK, i-CS, i-RESET, okunye futhi kudinga i-RS, kanti okunye kuyimigqa yedatha.
Ubuchwepheshe besixhumi esibonakalayo se-LCD yesibonisi esisebenzisanayo empeleni iyisiginali ye-TTL ngokombono weleveli.
I-Hardware interface yesilawuli esibonisayo se-LCD sisezingeni le-TTL, futhi isixhumi esibonakalayo sezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zesibonisi esisebenzisanayo se-LCD nakho kusezingeni le-TTL.Ngakho-ke bobabili bebengase baxhumeke ngokuqondile, omakhalekhukhwini, amaphilisi, namabhodi okuthuthukisa axhunywe ngokuqondile ngale ndlela (ngokuvamile axhunywe ngezintambo eziguquguqukayo).
Isici sezinga le-TTL ukuthi ayikwazi ukudluliselwa kude kakhulu.Uma isikrini se-LCD sikude kakhulu nesilawuli se-motherboard (imitha elingu-1 noma ngaphezulu), asikwazi ukuxhunywa ngokuqondile ku-TTL, futhi ukuguqulwa kuyadingeka.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokusebenzelana kwezikrini ze-TFT LCD ezinombala:
1. TTL interface (RGB color interface)
2. Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-LVDS (pakisha imibala ye-RGB ibe ukudluliswa kwesignali ehlukile).
I-interface ye-TTL ye-crystal ye-liquid screen isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izikrini ze-TFT ezinosayizi omncane ezingaphansi kwamayintshi angu-12.1, ezinemigqa eminingi yokusebenzelana nebanga elifushane lokudlulisela;
Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-LVDS sesikrini sekristalu esiwuketshezi sisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izikrini ezinkulu ze-TFT ezingaphezu kwamayintshi angu-8.I-interface inebanga elide lokudlulisela kanye nenani elincane lemigqa.
Isikrini esikhulu samukela izindlela eziningi ze-LVDS, futhi izikhonkwane zokulawula yi-VSYNC, HSYNC, VDEN, VCLK.I-S3C2440 isekela amaphinikhodi wedatha afika kwangu-24, futhi amaphinikhodi edatha yi-VD[23-0].
Idatha yesithombe ethunyelwe yi-CPU noma ikhadi lemifanekiso isignali ye-TTL (0-5V, 0-3.3V, 0-2.5V, noma 0-1.8V), futhi i-LCD ngokwayo ithola isignali ye-TTL, ngoba isignali ye-TTL isakazwa ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nebanga elide Ukusebenza kwesikhathi akukuhle, futhi nekhono lokulwa nokuphazamiseka liphansi kakhulu.Kamuva, izinhlobonhlobo zezindlela zokudlulisela zahlongozwa, njenge-LVDS, TDMS, GVIF, P&D, DVI kanye ne-DFP.Eqinisweni, bavele bafake ikhodi yesignali ye-TTL ethunyelwe yi-CPU noma ikhadi lezithombe kumasignali ahlukahlukene ukuze adluliselwe, futhi banqume isignali eyamukelwe ohlangothini lwe-LCD ukuze bathole isignali ye-TTL.
Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi imodi yokudlulisela eyamukelwayo, isignali ebalulekile ye-TTL iyafana.
SPI interface
Njengoba i-SPI ingukudluliswa kwe-serial, umkhawulokudonsa wokudlulisela unomkhawulo, futhi ungasetshenziswa kuphela ezikrinini ezincane, ngokuvamile ezikrinini ezingaphansi kwamayintshi angu-2, uma zisetshenziswa njengesixhumi esibonakalayo sesikrini se-LCD.Futhi ngenxa yokuxhumana kwayo okumbalwa, ukulawulwa kwesoftware kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.Ngakho sebenzisa kancane.
I-MIPI interface
I-MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface) iwumbimbi eyasungulwa yi-ARM, Nokia, ST, TI nezinye izinkampani ngo-2003. ubunkimbinkimbi kanye nokukhula kokuvumelana nezimo.Kunama-WorkGroups ahlukene ngaphansi kwe-MIPI Alliance, echaza uchungechunge lwamazinga okusebenza kwangaphakathi omakhalekhukhwini, njengesixhumi esibonakalayo sekhamera i-CSI, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-DSI, isixhumi esibonakalayo serediyo i-DigRF, isixhumi esibonakalayo semakrofoni/isipika SLImbus, njll. Inzuzo yendinganiso yesixhumi esibonakalayo esihlanganisiwe. ukuthi abakhiqizi befoni ephathekayo bangakwazi ukukhetha ngokuguquguqukayo ama-chips namamojula ahlukene emakethe ngokwezidingo zabo, okwenza kube lula futhi kusheshe ukushintsha imiklamo nemisebenzi.
Igama eligcwele lesixhumi esibonakalayo se-MIPI esisetshenziselwa isikrini se-LCD kufanele kube isixhumi esibonakalayo se-MIPI-DSI, futhi eminye imibhalo ivele iyibize ngesixhumi esibonakalayo se-DSI (Display Serial Interface).
Ama-peripheral ahambisana ne-DSI asekela izindlela ezimbili zokusebenza eziyisisekelo, eyodwa imodi yomyalo, kanti enye imodi Yevidiyo.
Kungabonakala kulokhu ukuthi isixhumi esibonakalayo se-MIPI-DSI siphinde sibe namandla okulawula kanye nedatha ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi asidingi ukuxhumana okufana ne-SPI ukusiza ukudlulisa imiyalo yokulawula.
Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-MDDI
I-interface ye-MDDI (Mobile Display Digital Interface) eyahlongozwa yi-Qualcomm ngo-2004 ingathuthukisa ukwethembeka komakhalekhukhwini futhi yehlise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokunciphisa ukuxhumana.Ngokuthembela kusabelo semakethe se-Qualcomm emkhakheni wama-chips eselula, empeleni kuwubudlelwano obunokuncintisana nesixhumi esibonakalayo esingenhla se-MIPI.
I-interface ye-MDDI isekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa okuhlukile kwe-LVDS futhi isekela izinga eliphezulu lokudlulisela elingu-3.2Gbps.Imigqa yesignali ingancishiswa ibe yi-6, okusenenzuzo kakhulu.
Kungabonakala ukuthi isixhumi esibonakalayo se-MDDI sisadinga ukusebenzisa i-SPI noma i-IIC ukudlulisa imiyalo yokulawula, futhi idlulisela idatha ngokwayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-01-2023