Ukuhlaziywa kwezinhlobo ze-interface nezincazelo ze-interface ye-Tft Display
Isifinyezo esifushane sezixhumanisi zokubonisa ze-Tft ezifana ne-I2C, SPI, UART, RGB, LVDS, MIPI, EDP, ne-DP
Isethulo sokubonisa esibonakalayo se-Tft Lcd Screen
I-LCD interface: i-SPI interface, i-I2C interface, i-UART interface, i-RGB interface, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-LVDS, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-MIPI, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-MDDI, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-HDMI, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-eDP
I-MDDI (Mobile Display Digital Interface) iyisixhumi esibonakalayo esiwuchungechunge samaselula nokunye.
Isibonisi sekhompyutha: I-DP, i-HDMI, i-DVI, i-VGA nezinye izinhlobo ezi-4 zokuhlangana.Bonisa izinga lokusebenza kwekhebula: DP>HDMI>DVI>VGA.Phakathi kwazo, i-VGA iyisiginali ye-analog, esuswa ngokuyisisekelo isibonisi esijwayelekile manje.I-DVI, i-HDMI, ne-DP zonke izimpawu zedijithali, okuyi-interface yamanje evamile.
1. Tft Lcd Screen RGB interface
(1) Incazelo yesixhumi esibonakalayo
Umbala we-Tft Display RGB uyindinganiso yombala embonini.Itholakala ngokushintsha iziteshi ezinemibala emithathu yombala obomvu (R), oluhlaza (G), noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (B) nokuwabeka phezulu komunye nomunye ukuze kutholwe imibala ehlukahlukene., i-RGB umbala omelela iziteshi ezintathu ezibomvu, eziluhlaza okotshani, neziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.Leli zinga lihlanganisa cishe yonke imibala engabonwa umbono womuntu.Ingenye yezinhlelo zemibala ezisetshenziswa kakhulu njengamanje.
I-Tft Bonisa isignali ye-VGA nesignali ye-RGB
I-Lcd Screen RGB: Izindlela zokubhala ngekhodi umbala zibizwa ngokuhlanganyela ngokuthi "isikhala sombala" noma "i-gamut".Ngamagama alula, "isikhala sombala" sanoma yimuphi umbala emhlabeni singachazwa njengenombolo engashintshi noma okuguquguqukayo.I-RGB (ebomvu, eluhlaza, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) ingenye yezikhala zemibala eminingi.Ngale ndlela yombhalo wekhodi, umbala ngamunye ungamelwa okuguquguqukayo okuthathu - ukushuba kokubomvu, okuluhlaza okotshani, nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.I-Lcd Display RGB iwuhlelo oluvame kakhulu lapho uqopha futhi ubonisa izithombe ezinemibala.
Ukwakheka kwesiginali ye-Lcd Display VGA ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezinhlanu: I-RGBHV, okuyimibala emithathu eyinhloko yombala obomvu, oluhlaza okotshani noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanye namasiginali wokuvumelanisa umugqa nenkundla.Ibanga lokudlulisa i-Lcd Screen VGA lifushane kakhulu.Ukuze kudluliselwe ibanga elide ngobunjiniyela bangempela, abantu baqaqa ikhebula ye-Lcd Display VGA, bahlukanise amasignali amahlanu e-RGBHV, futhi bawadlulise ngezintambo ezinhlanu ze-coaxial.Le ndlela yokudlulisa ibizwa nge-Lcd Display RGB transmission.Kuwumkhuba Lesi siginali ibizwa nangokuthi isignali ye-Lcd Screen RGB.
Ngamanye amazwi, empeleni awukho umehluko phakathi kwe-RGB ne-VGA.
Amakhompiyutha amaningi nemishini yokubonisa yangaphandle ixhunywe ngesixhumi esibonakalayo se-analog Lcd Screen VGA, futhi ulwazi lwesithombe esibonisiwe olukhiqizwa ngedijithali ngaphakathi kwekhompyutha luguqulelwa ku-R, G, B amasignali emibala emithathu eyinhloko kanye nomugqa kanye nenkambu ngesiguquli sedijithali/i-analog ikhadi lemifanekiso.Isignali yokuvumelanisa, isignali idluliselwa kudivayisi yesibonisi ngekhebula.Kumadivayisi wokubonisa i-analog, njengamamonitha e-analog CRT, isignali ithunyelwa ngokuqondile kumjikelezo wokucubungula ohambisanayo ukuze ushayele futhi ulawule ishubhu lesithombe ukuze ukhiqize izithombe.Kumadivayisi okubonisa edijithali afana ne-LCD ne-DLP, isiguquli esihambisanayo se-A/D (i-analog/digital) sidinga ukulungiselelwa kudivayisi yokubonisa ukuze kuguqule isignali ye-analog ibe isignali yedijithali.Ngemuva kokuguqulwa kwe-D/A ne-A/D2, eminye imininingwane yesithombe ilahleka nakanjani.
Ngakho-ke, ikhwalithi yesithombe yedivayisi yokubonisa esebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Lcd Display DVI ingcono.Ikhadi lezithombe ngokuvamile lisebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-DVD-I, ukuze lixhunywe kusixhumi esibonakalayo esivamile se-Lcd Display VGA nge-adaptha.Imonitha eline-interface ye-DVI ngokuvamile isebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-DVI-D.
(2) Uhlobo lwesixhumi esibonakalayo: a.I-RGB ehambisanayo b.I-Serial RGB
3) Izici ze-Interface
a.Isixhumi esibonakalayo ngokuvamile izinga le-3.3V
b.Isignali yokuvumelanisa iyadingeka
c.Idatha yesithombe idinga ukuvuselelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi
d.Isikhathi esifanele sidinga ukumiswa
I-Parallel RGB Interface
I-Serial RGB Interface
4) Ukulungiswa okuphezulu kanye nobuningi bewashi
a.I-RGB ehambisanayo
Isixazululo: 1920*1080
Imvamisa yewashi: 1920*1080*60*1.2 = 149MHZ
b.I-Serial RGB
Isixazululo: 800*480
Imvamisa yewashi: 800*3*480*60*1.2 = 83MHZ
2. Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-LVDS
(1) Incazelo yesixhumi esibonakalayo
I-Ips Lcd LVDS, I-Low Voltage Differential Signaling, iyisixhumi esibonakalayo sobuchwepheshe esihlukile esinama-voltage aphansi.Kuyindlela yokudlulisa isignali yevidiyo yedijithali ethuthukiswe inkampani yaseMelika ye-NS ukuze inqobe ukushiyeka kokusetshenziswa kwamandla amakhulu kanye nokuphazamiseka kazibuthe okukhulu kwe-EMI lapho kudluliswa idatha ye-broadband high bit rate kumodi yezinga le-TTL.
Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Ips Lcd LVDS sisebenzisa i-voltage ephansi kakhulu (cishe i-350mV) ukuze idlulisele idatha ngokudluliswa okuhlukile kumathrekhi amabili e-PCB noma izintambo ezilinganayo, okungukuthi, ukudluliswa kwesignali ehlukile yamandla aphansi.Kusetshenziswa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Ips Lcd LVDS, isignali ingadluliswa emugqeni ohlukile we-PCB noma ikhebuli ebhalansile ngenani elingamakhulu ambalwa Mbit/s.Ngenxa ye-voltage ephansi kanye nemodi yokushayela yamanje ephansi, umsindo ophansi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kuyabonakala.
2) Uhlobo lwesixhumi esibonakalayo
a.Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-LVDS esingu-6-bit
Kulo mjikelezo wesixhumi esibonakalayo, ukudluliswa kwesiteshi esisodwa kuyamukelwa, futhi isignali yombala eyinhloko ngayinye isebenzisa idatha engu-6-bit, isamba sedatha ye-18-bit RGB, ngakho-ke ibizwa nangokuthi i-interface ye-LVDS engu-18-bit noma engu-18-bit.
b.Isixhumi esibonakalayo esiphuma kabili se-6-bit LVDS
Kulesi sixhumi esibonakalayo, ukudluliswa kwezindlela ezimbili kwamukelwa, futhi isignali ngayinye yombala eyinhloko isebenzisa idatha engu-6-bit, lapho idatha yendlela eyinqaba ingu-18-bit, idatha yendlela elinganayo ingu-18-bit, kanye nesamba esingu-36-bit. Idatha ye-RGB, ngakho-ke ibizwa nangokuthi i-36-bit noma i-36-bit LVDS interface.
c.Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-LVDS esisodwa esingu-8-bit
Kulo mjikelezo wesixhumi esibonakalayo, ukudluliswa kwesiteshi esisodwa kuyamukelwa, futhi isignali ngayinye yombala oyinhloko isebenzisa idatha ye-8-bit, isamba sedatha engu-24-bit RGB, ngakho-ke ibizwa nangokuthi i-24-bit noma i-24-bit LVDS interface.
d.Isixhumi esibonakalayo esiphuma kabili se-LVDS esingu-8-bit
Kulo mjikelezo wesixhumi esibonakalayo, ukudluliswa kwezindlela ezimbili kwamukelwa, futhi isignali ngayinye yombala eyinhloko isebenzisa idatha ye-8-bit, lapho idatha yendlela eyinqaba ingu-24-bit, idatha yendlela elinganayo ingu-24-bit, kanye nengqikithi engu-48-bit. Ngakho-ke idatha ye-RGB ibizwa nangokuthi i-48-bit noma i-48-bit LVDS interface.
3) Izici ze-Interface
a.Isivinini esikhulu (ngokuvamile 655Mbps)
b.I-voltage ephansi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, i-EMI ephansi (swing 350mv)
c.Ikhono eliqinile lokulwa nokuphazamiseka, isignali ehlukile
(4) Isinqumo
a.Isiteshi esisodwa: 1280*800@60
1366*768@60
b.Isiteshi esikabili: 1920*1080@60
3. I-Ips Lcd MIPI interface
(1) Incazelo ye-Ips Lcd MPI
I-Ips Lcd MIPI Alliance ichaze isethi yamazinga okusebenza ukuze amise ukuxhumana kwangaphakathi kwamadivayisi eselula njengamakhamera, i-Liquid Crystal Display, ama-baseband, nezindawo zokusebenzelana namafrikhwensi omsakazo, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ukuguquguquka komklamo kuyilapho kunciphisa izindleko, ubunkimbinkimbi bomklamo, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kanye I-EMI.
2) Izici ze-Liquid Crystal Display MIPI
a.Isivinini esikhulu: 1Gbps/Lane, 4Gbps throughput
b.Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi: 200mV umehluko wokujika, i-voltage yemodi evamile engu-200mv
c.Ukunciphisa umsindo
d.Izikhonkwane ezimbalwa, isakhiwo se-PCB esilula kakhulu
(3) Isinqumo
I-MIPI-DSI: 2048*1536@60fps
4) Imodi ye-MIPI-DSI
a.Imodi yomyalo
Ihambisana ne-MIPI-DBI-2 yesixhumi esibonakalayo esihambisanayo, ne-Frame Buffer, indlela yokuswayipha isikrini ngokusekelwe kusethi yomyalo we-DCS iyafana nesikrini se-CPU.
b.Imodi Yevidiyo
Ngokuhambisana ne-MIPI-DPI-2 yesixhumi esibonakalayo esihambisanayo, isikrini sokuvuselela sisekelwe ekulawuleni isikhathi, esifana nesikrini esivumelanisayo se-Liquid Crystal Display RGB.
(5) Indlela yokusebenza
a.Indlela yokusebenza ye-Command
Sebenzisa i-DCS Long Write Command Packet ukuze uvuselele i-GRAM.
Umyalo we-DCS wephakethe lokuqala lohlaka ngalunye uthi write_memory_start ukuze kuzuzwe ukuvumelanisa kohlaka ngalunye.
b.Isebenza kanjani ividiyo
Sebenzisa iphakethe lokuvumelanisa ukuze ufinyelele ukuvumelanisa isikhathi, kanye nephakethe le-Pixel ukuze uthole ukuvuselela kwe-Liquid Crystal Display.Indawo engenalutho ingahle ibe semthethweni, futhi ifreyimu ngayinye kufanele igcine nge-LP.
4. Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Liquid Crystal Display HDMI
(1) Incazelo yesixhumi esibonakalayo
a.I-High-Definition Multimedia Interface
b.Isixhumi esibonakalayo sedijithali, dlulisa ividiyo nomsindo ngesikhathi esisodwa
c.Ukudluliswa kwedatha yevidiyo engacindezelwanga kanye nedatha yomsindo wedijithali ecindezelwe/engacindezelwanga
(2) Umlando wentuthuko
a.Ngo-Ephreli 2002, izinkampani eziyisikhombisa ezihlanganisa i-Hitachi, i-Panasonic, i-Philips, i-Silicon Image, i-sony, i-Thomson, ne-Toshiba yasungula inhlangano ye-HDMI futhi yaqala ukukhiqiza.
Ukuchaza izinga elisha elinikezelwe ekudlulisweni kwevidiyo yedijithali/umsindo.
b.NgoDisemba 2002, i-HDMI 1.0 yakhululwa
c.Ngo-Agasti 2005, i-HDMI 1.2 yakhululwa
d.NgoJuni 2006, i-HDMI 1.3 yakhululwa
e.NgoNovemba 2009, i-HDMI 1.4 yakhululwa
f.NgoSepthemba 2013, i-HDMI 2.0 yakhululwa
3) Izici ze-HDMI
a.TMDS
Ukuguqulwa Kwesiginali Ehlukile Encishisiwe
8bit~10bit DC umbhalo wekhodi olinganiselayo
Idatha ye-10bit idluliselwa njalo umjikelezo wewashi
b.I-EDID ne-DDC
Qaphela kuphela ukuxhumana phakathi kwamadivayisi
c.Dlulisa Ividiyo Nomsindo
Izindleko eziphansi, ukuxhumana okulula
d.HDCP
I-High-Bandwidth Digital Content Protection
Yiziphi izixhumanisi ezi-4 ezijwayelekile zamamonitha ekhompyutha: i-VGA, i-DVI, i-HDMI, ne-DP interfaces?
Abanye abangani bavame ukukhathazeka ngokuthi isiphi isixhumi esibonakalayo esingcono kakhulu sokuqapha ikhompuyutha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhebula ledatha elisetshenziswa ukuqapha kwami lingcono kakhulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lisekela incazelo ephezulu, njll. Eqinisweni, ikhebula ledatha alilona elibaluleke kakhulu, inqobo nje njengoba i-motherboard/ikhadi lezithombe zekhompyutha yakho kanye nokuqapha kuza nalo, lifanelekile futhi alithinti okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho.Ngokuqondene nokuthi iyiphi i-interface yokubonisa engcono, lelo phuzu.
Njengamanje, ukuxhumana okuvamile kwamaqapha wekhompuyutha ikakhulukazi kufaka i-DP, i-HDMI, i-DVI, ne-VGA.Bonisa izinga lokusebenza kwekhebula: DP>HDMI>DVI>VGA.Phakathi kwazo, i-VGA iyisiginali ye-analog, esuswa ngokuyisisekelo isibonisi esijwayelekile manje.I-DVI, i-HDMI, ne-DP zonke izimpawu zedijithali, okuyi-interface yamanje evamile.
Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-VGA
I-VGA (I-Video Graphics Array) iyindinganiso yokudlulisa ividiyo eyethulwa yi-IBM kanye nomshini we-PS/2 ngo-1987. Inezinzuzo zokuxazulula okuphezulu, isivinini sokubonisa okusheshayo nemibala ecebile, futhi isetshenziswe kabanzi emkhakheni wokubonisa imibala.Isekela ukuxhuma okushisayo, kodwa ayisekeli ukudluliswa komsindo.
Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-VGA sivame kakhulu, okuwuhlobo ama-monitor ethu avamile axhunywe kukhompuyutha engumsingathi.I-interface ye-VGA iyi-interface yohlobo lwe-D enamaphini angu-15 esewonke, ahlukaniswe abe imigqa emithathu, emihlanu emgqeni ngamunye.Futhi isixhumi esibonakalayo se-VGA sinokunwebeka okuqinile futhi singaguqulwa kalula ngesixhumi esibonakalayo se-DVI.Ukwethulwa kwe-interface ye-VGA imi kanje:
I-interface ye-DVI
isikhombimsebenzisi sevidiyo yedijithali
I-DVI iyi-interface enencazelo ephezulu, kodwa ngaphandle komsindo, okusho ukuthi, intambo yevidiyo ye-DVI idlulisa kuphela amasignali ezithombe zezithombe, kodwa ayidlulisi amasignali alalelwayo.Umumo wesixhumi esibonakalayo unjengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi:
Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-DVI sinezinhlobo ezi-3 kanye nokucaciswa okungu-5, kanti usayizi wesixhumi esibonakalayo owu-39.5mm×15.13mm.Izinhlobo ezintathu zifaka amafomu esixhumi esibonakalayo e-DVI-A, DVI-D kanye ne-DVI-I.
I-DVI-D inesixhumi esibonakalayo sedijithali kuphela, futhi i-DVI-I inoku kokubili idijithali ne-analog interface.Njengamanje, i-DVI-D iyisicelo esiyinhloko.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-DVI-D ne-DVI-I inesiteshi esisodwa (Isixhumanisi Esisodwa) kanye nesiteshi esikabili (Isixhumanisi Esikabili).Ngokuvamile, esivame ukukubona inguqulo yesiteshi esisodwa, futhi izindleko zenguqulo ye-dual-channel ziphezulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke imishini ethile yobuchwepheshe kuphela etholakalayo, futhi kunzima kubathengi abajwayelekile ukuyibona.I-DVI-A iyindinganiso yokudlulisela ye-analog, engavame ukubonakala kuma-CRT angochwepheshe wesikrini esikhulu.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi ayinawo umehluko obalulekile ku-VGA futhi ukusebenza kwayo akuphakeme, i-DVI-A empeleni ilahliwe.
Isixhumanisi se-HDMI
I-HDMI
I-HDMI ingadlulisa kokubili ihluzo ezinencazelo ephezulu namasignali alalelwayo.Ngokuvamile, i-TV ixhunywe ekhaya, futhi inokunqanda ukuphazamiseka okuqinile.Kuhle ukusho ukuthi isixhumi esibonakalayo sesistimu yemoto yamanje, njengokuzulazula kwemoto, nayo iyi-HDMI.
Izinzuzo zesixhumi esibonakalayo se-HDMI i-HDMI ayikwazi nje ukuhlangabezana nesinqumo se-1080P, kodwa futhi isekela amafomethi omsindo wedijithali njenge-DVD Audio, futhi isekela ukuthunyelwa komsindo wedijithali kweziteshi eziyisishiyagalombili ezingu-96kHz noma i-stereo 192kHz.
I-HDMI isekela i-EDID ne-DDC2B, ngakho-ke amadivayisi ane-HDMI anezici zokuthi "plug and play".Umthombo wesiginali kanye nedivayisi yokubonisa "izoxoxisana" ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ikhethe ngokuzenzakalelayo ifomethi yevidiyo/yomsindo efaneleke kakhulu.
Isixhumanisi se-DP
Isibonisi sedijithali se-HD
I-DisplayPort iyindinganiso ephezulu yokubonisa isibonisi sedijithali, engaxhunywa kukhompuyutha nemonitha, noma kukhompuyutha kanye nethiyetha yasekhaya.I-DisplayPort iwine ukwesekwa yizikhondlakhondla zemboni ezifana ne-AMD, Intel, NVIDIA, Dell, HP, Philips, Samsung, njll., futhi kumahhala ukuyisebenzisa.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezixhumi zangaphandle ze-DisplayPort: eyodwa uhlobo olujwayelekile, olufana ne-USB, i-HDMI nezinye izixhumi;enye iwuhlobo lwephrofayili ephansi, ikakhulukazi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinendawo elinganiselwe yoxhumano, njengamakhompyutha anothibhuki amancane kakhulu.
I-interface ye-DP ingaqondwa njengenguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-HDMI, enamandla kakhulu ekudlulisweni komsindo nevidiyo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-06-2023